Clomiphene has a non-steroidal structure close to chlorotrianisene. The action of clomiphene citrate is associated with its binding to estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which increases the secretion of pituitary gonadotropic hormones. This, in turn, stimulates: - in women: maturation and endocrine activity of the follicle in the ovary, as well as the subsequent formation of the corpus luteum. - in men: increased testosterone levels. The method of administration and dosage regimen depends on its form of release and other factors. The optimal dosage regimen is determined by the doctor. It is necessary to strictly observe the compliance of the applied dosage form of this or that drug with the indications for use and the dosage regimen. It is recommended to check liver function before using clomiphene. Testosterone is the main male sex hormone that plays a major role in a man's overall health. Testosterone is essential for the development and maintenance of a specific reproductive system and secondary male sex characteristics. It plays a key role in sex drive and erection and is essential for the initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis. Testosterone also has important functions outside of the reproductive system. For example, it has a positive effect on body structure by increasing nitrogen retention, which maintains a lean body, fullness and muscle strength. It also affects bones by stimulating bone formation. Testosterone secretion is the end result of a number of hormonal processes. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which is produced in the hypothalamus, controls the pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. LH, in turn, regulates the production and secretion of testosterone in testicular Leydig cells, and FSH promotes the induction of spermatogenesis. Results from a WHO study indicate that testosterone is normally secreted in a circadian rhythm with a maximum level in the morning and a minimum level around 8 pm-10 pm. This fluctuation in testosterone secretion over the course of the day becomes much less pronounced in older men. Testosterone deficiency can be the result of an underlying medical condition or genetic disorder and is often associated with age-related changes. For example, primary hypogonadism is the result of primary testicular failure. In this situation, the level of testosterone decreases, and the level of pituitary gonadotropins (LH and FSH) increases. Secondary hypogonadism is caused by insufficient secretion of pituitary gonadotropins. In addition to low testosterone levels, LH and FSH levels are low or low. Some of the consequences of testosterone deficiency in adult men include a wide range of symptoms, including loss of sex drive, erectile dysfunction, oligospermia or azoospermia, absence or regression of secondary sexual characteristics, progressive loss of muscle mass, fatigue, depressed mood, and impending osteoporosis. Many of these disorders are collectively referred to as male menopause. Clomiphene is an antiestrogen similar to tamoxifen that blocks the normal feedback of estrogen to the hypothalamus and subsequent negative feedback from the pituitary gland. This leads to increased levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). In men, these elevated levels of gonadotropins stimulate the Leydig cells in the testes and, as a result, cause increased testosterone levels. Clomiphene is used therapeutically around the world in men with low testosterone levels. After treatment with clomiphene, FSH and LH levels increase in both younger and older men. This leads to an increase in free and total testosterone, whereas in younger men these rates were significant. Standard Oral Dosage Forms: Clomid (25mg / 50mg / 100mg), Serophene (25mg / 50mg / 100mg) After treatment, the level of total testosterone in serum during the subsequent observation period (7-10 days after discontinuation of the drug) remains high. Use of clomiphene to treat men results in an increase in total testosterone to the normal range without abnormally high peaks in serum testosterone. Clomid has been shown to be highly effective in increasing testosterone levels in men, as well as increasing sperm count. Clomid has a number of advantages over testosterone injections and gels. A particularly important property of a drug is that it helps the body produce the hormone on its own. When the injections and gel are cancelled, testosterone levels immediately drop. Also, when using testosterone injections and gel, sperm count decreases. When taking Clomiphene citrate, this side effect was not recorded in patients.
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